SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

Genetic variability and the effects of dietary restriction on lifespan

22.01.2025

Caloric restriction (20%-40%) and intermittent fasting enhanced lifespan in genetically diverse mice, with stronger effects tied to stricter calorie reduction. Lifespan varied with genetics and stress resilience, revealing healthspan and longevity are not always aligned. Extreme restrictions caused adverse effects, questioning optimal dietary strategies for ageing.

October 2024 – Nature

 

Key takeaways

 

  • Genetics play a significant role in lifespan variability: While dietary interventions like caloric restriction and intermittent fasting can extend lifespan, genetic differences account for a greater influence on longevity outcomes. Individual genetic makeup determines how effectively these interventions impact health and ageing, emphasising the need for personalised approaches
  • Caloric restriction offers the strongest longevity benefits but carries potential risks: Reducing calorie intake by 40% led to the most substantial lifespan extension, yet it also resulted in decreased lean mass, lower body temperature, and immune changes that may increase vulnerability to infections. These findings highlight the balance needed between longevity benefits and maintaining overall health
  • Healthspan and lifespan are not always aligned: Improved metabolic markers, such as reduced glucose levels and lower body weight, did not always correlate with extended lifespans. This disconnect suggests that interventions benefiting healthspan might not always translate into prolonged life, underscoring the complexity of evaluating ageing strategies

 

Short-term fasting strategies showed benefits, but they failed to extend the lifespan of individuals with higher initial body weights. These results highlight the importance of tailoring dietary interventions to individual body composition and metabolic profiles for optimal results.

 

Read the article at: Di Francesco, Andrea, et al. “Dietary restriction impacts health and lifespan of genetically diverse mice.” Nature, vol. 634, 17 Oct. 2024, pp. 684-692. DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-08026-3.

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